Volume 15 Number 1  
APRIL 2004
 
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Faculty Focus

Prof. Ronald Young, Dean

Universities as well as other institutions are currently facing strong demands for public accountability to justify the costs of running them, in terms of measurable benefits to the stakeholders.

Rapidly changing, technology-driven innovation and changing perceptions of what brings the greatest benefits in terms of value added per unit of investment are changing job aspirations and perceived training needs.

Globalization and the changing shape of international trade relationships are encouraging new players in the increasingly competitive field of tertiary education. Corporate bodies, private training institutions and the outreach arms of entrepreneurial universities are competing with traditional universities in offering degrees for profit.

These combined forces are driving the de-institutionalization and commoditization of higher education, and forcing universities to reshape their traditional postures and into an innovative mode of operation.

Most people will agree that change is necessary. But change how? By whom? And to what end?

Whatever the answers, as an educational institution, we should at least be able to respond to these pressures in an educated fashion, and insist that any change should be based upon good information, and be clearly defined and communicated, so that, whether individuals agree or disagree with the change, they can be clear as to what the goals are, why they are considered important, and what actions are being instituted to reach them. Our recent experience with semesterization should teach us at least this much

Unfortunately, UWI has not traditionally been steeped in an atmosphere of data-bound decisions. Consequently, it is difficult to extract from “the system” detailed statistics pertaining to the changing demographics of our student intake; the fate and fortunes of our alumni; the details of the deployment of finances and the effects of changes in this deployment; the profile of staff vs the needs in terms of research and training; projections of anticipated demands for training; potential sources for recruitment of students or employment of staff and faculty.

As a first step, protocols must be put in place to allow the routine and reasonably accurate tracking and consideration of such information on an annual basis. A good start has already been made, but a lean, mean, focused and interactive statistical unit must be central to the planning of change.

As noted by the report on the HECTIC (Higher Education Consultation in Technologies of Innovation and Communication) Workshop (Brussels, September 2001), a “paternalistic view of learners as everlasting children needing protection, pre-established structure and continuous support in order to be able to learn is often behind resistance to innovation.” The increasing number of part-time and mature students registered at UWI should certainly give us pause if we have tendencies to espouse such a view.

The report goes on to note that the recent move by MIT to makes its course contents freely available on the Internet should once and for all undercut the idea that “content is king,” and emphasize the idea that “the creation of a stimulating learning context becomes more of a strategic asset for universities than the availability of attractive contents.”

This is not to say that content is immaterial, but the essence of excellence in education is to equip our graduates with enthusiasm for their discipline and the inclination and ability to acquire new knowledge as needed – quickly, effectively, and with discrimination. We must envision ways in which we can encourage our faculty to enthusiastically embrace this latter position, and reshape their curricula to express this.

The University must never lose sight of its essential role in promoting free scholarly research. Critical analysis of and commentary on both the society (local and global) and our accepted certainties must be encouraged, both in the sciences and in the humanities.

The strong talk about supporting “relevant” research and focused “flagship” research programmes may raise concerns, but it is not incompatible with academic freedom.

As noted by Professor John Goddard in his comments on the University of Turku, Finland, at the Research Conference on the Business of Higher Education, we must be able to see “the local environment as a resource for the University and the University as a resource for the community.”

We must create a mechanism through which there can be formal linkages between industry and academia, and also between various cultural and social organizations and academia, in order to promote development and innovation in industry as well as documentation, analysis and deeper appreciation of our scientific, cultural and social heritage.

Efforts in the Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences have so far yielded collaborations in particular projects, but, unfortunately, have not resulted in a widespread and generalized change in relationships between industry and academia. Perhaps UWI should collaborate in the establishment of some formal advisory boards made up of selected representatives from particular areas of activity in the society and from academia in order to identify areas in which collaboration could lead to mutual benefits, and to promote the implementation of such collaboration.

Moreover, we must institute employment policies which will allow the realization of more vigorous collaboration between UWI and critical institutions in the local milieu, and such advisory boards could advise on this matter also.

Such collaborative ventures could conceivably include offering tailored courses or programmes, targeted research, or technical services. A strengthened MIAS and the Natural Products Institute, working closely with the Departments and Centres in the Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, could assist greatly in making such collaborations viable, but Departments could independently forge associations, so long as they remain compatible with the delivery of their core functions.

Similar entities for the commercialization of academic expertise might be considered for other Faculties.

An important cultural change that would have to be achieved in order to make this successful would be to get individuals to see themselves not as independent agents but as employees of the University who gain exposure and prestige by virtue of their association with the institution, and so also gain additional income, which they should willingly share with the institution in lieu of the intangible gains, as well as the tangible use of time, facilities and profile of the University. They would, in return, receive institutional backup when problems arise with timely delivery of output or proper accounting. In the past, such failures have reflected badly not only on the individuals involved but also upon the institution as a whole.

In the early days of UWI, bright and energetic young men from Britain came to the colonies, where there were many real problems to be solved, in order to break new ground and make significant contributions, as well as names for themselves. They usually maintained connections with and received support from the metropole, and some achieved considerable success.

Today, even while acknowledging the relatively small pool of very successful locally grown personnel, perhaps the model should add

the engagement of bright young men and women of the diaspora, working under similar circumstances. Some have already been successful. To have a general, widespread impact, however, a clear recruitment policy would have to be articulated which would allow such individuals, once identified, to consider accepting employment without undue sacrifice of their career potential. Fostering sustained networking with cutting-edge colleagues and access to competitive international funding would be important. Negotiated salaries, liberalized terms of employment, and more flexible determination of the required balance between teaching and research activities would have to become readily realizable objectives, once there was reasonable surety that the investment would be worthwhile.

Appropriate criteria would have to be established in order to measure the degree of success of any and all of these activities. In addition to monitoring publications in refereed, high-impact journals and research funding obtained from internal and external sources, we will also have to measure income from commoditized courses, programmes and other commercial activities, and contribution to the economic, social and cultural environment of the country and the region.

Needless to say, the cost of implementing these changes would also have to be carefully monitored in order to meet the public scrutiny and the attendant need to balance the books, which contributed in the first instance to driving the change.


Newsletter of the Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences
The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus

Edited and compiled by
Anne Lyew-Ayee
Department of Geography and Geology
e-mail: anne.lyewayee@uwimona.edu.jm

Technical assistance: Christopher Muir