This is a survey course which focuses on the African presence in the west ern Hemisphere. It will carry out a comparative examination of the response of Africans and their descendants to the experience of enslavement, racism, and colonialism from the fifteenth century to the present. It will also examine the impact of the African presence on Western civilization and explore the evolution of an African identity, particularly an identification with the destiny of the African continent, among African descendants in the Western dias- pora.