“Caribbean scientists have long held the position that (global temperature rise of) 1.5°C may be the limit of global warming that vulnerable regions such as ours can tolerate.” Professor Michael Taylor, Dean of the Faculty of Science and Technology at The University of the West Indies (The UWI), Mona Campus is commenting on the IPCC 1.5 Reportreleased on Monday October, 8. Professor Taylor is one of the coordinating, lead authors of the report; and specifically the summary for policy makers.
 
The report is the latest in a series from the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessing scientific, technical, and socio-economic information regarding climate change. It reveals that the planet will reach 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels by as early as 2030, with particularly the Small Island States (SIDS) in the Caribbean region.
 
Speaking on The UWI’s contributions to the report, Vice-Chancellor Professor Sir Hilary Beckles conveyed his pride in the work that the University’s scientists have contributed to the global effort. “This kind of work reaffirms the relevance of The UWI to the region as an activist university. The climate change discourse will reveal the need for this region to address the fundamental issues: economic growth, technological advancements, inequality, democracy and social justice. All of those big issues come into the fore of the climate change issue.”
 
Jeremy Collymore, Honorary Research Fellow at the Institute for Sustainable Development, and Resilience Consultant to the Office of the Vice-Chancellor said the report will be used by The UWI to organise internal briefings with its research, teaching and administrative staff. “This global assent provides a platform for advancing our sustainable development agenda informed by considerations based on 1.5°C scenarios in the first instance. The UWI will also be supporting efforts to brief regional policy makers, technocrats, private sector and civil society on the 1.5 to Stay Alive agenda and the options for enhancing resilience. The science is not in question but the commitment to action may be.”
 
Professor Leonard Nurse of the Centre for Resource Management and Environmental Studies (CERMES) at The UWI Cave Hill, thanked colleague Professor Michael Taylor, who spearheaded the regional input to this seminal report.
 
Professor Nurse continued, “The conclusions are clear—while the application of various mitigation and adaptation technologies will be helpful, there is absolutely no substitute for deep emission cuts at source, particularly in high emitting countries. The report also corroborates previous IPCC findings that small island and low-lying states such as ours in the Caribbean are among the countries at highest risk. In practical terms, this means that in spite of all the mitigation and adaptation measures we implement, our fate still lies in the hands of the developed, Industrialized North and other high emitters, some of which are still classified as developing countries. The report identifies pathways for reducing global greenhouse gas emissions to a level that might achieve a target less than 2°C, even if the more desirable 1.5°C target is elusive. What the report also suggests, if only by implication, is that global politics and policy now need to catch up with the reality of the science. The message is clear that while the world community should strive to keep global average temperatures below 1.5°C relative to the Pre-Industrial level, small island states still face a grim future.”
 
Professor Taylor concludes, “Even 1.5°C pose significant risks to the most vulnerable.  Global action on climate change is not optional but is a must. I am hoping we can spur a region-wide movement in response to this report, its findings and the significance for the region. Every half degree of warming counts. The global target of 1.5°C comes with significant risk. These risks pale compared to 2°C, which has long been viewed as the realistic target.
 
“To keep warming at 1.5°C requires significant global transformation in energy, transport etc. In the Caribbean, we must undertake those measures geared at adaptation and mitigation. We must also by example, or influence, persuasion or advocacy, model the social order that living within 1.5°C demands.”
 
In addition to Professor Taylor’s contribution to the IPCC 1.5 Report, many UWI scientists have served—and continue to serve—as contributing authors to the IPCC reports on climate change. In 2007, UWI Professors, Anthony Chen, Leonard Nurse and John Agard shared in the glory of the Nobel Peace Prize given jointly to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Al Gore Jr.
 
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NOTES TO THE EDITOR
 
Information Background on the IPCC 1.5 Report
The current report shows that 1.5˚C of warming is not just a limit for the Small Island States, it’s a limit for everyone.
 
The escalating impacts that SIDS (Small Island Developing States) are facing today are being felt by vulnerable populations around the world. From extreme events to sea level rise, from slowed economic growth to biodiversity loss, the report outlines the substantial risks for all of us if we were to exceed 1.5°C.
 
For SIDS, the difference between warming at 1.5°C and 2°C is fundamental. Compared to 2°C, 1.5°C would mean lower water stress, less intense rainfall during tropical cyclones, and less exposure to irreversible sea level rise. At 1.5°C some coral reefs will be able adapt, while at 2°C their chances of survival are next-to-none, and the fisheries and livelihoods that depend on them will be irrevocably damaged.
 
In this report the IPCC has laid out that some limits to adaptation will have already been reached at 1.5°C, and that at 2°C there is a much higher chance of irreversible losses. For the first time, in this report, the IPCC has provided concrete information on loss and damage.
 
Achieving 1.5°C
The report puts to rest claims that 1.5°C cannot be achieved - holding warming to 1.5°C throughout the 21st century is feasible, and is likely to have considerable sustainable development benefits.  What is standing in the way is a lack of real commitment to ambitious action from Governments and non-state actors (D1).
 
It is clear that what has been promised to date under the Paris Agreement isn't sufficient.  It shows that ALL countries - and non-state actors (D6.2) - need to act and that, to date, action hasn't been sufficient.
 
Action
The world needs to make an urgent switch from fossil fuels to renewables (D4). We must decarbonise the electricity sector by 2050.  This means rapidly reducing our energy demand and rapidly accelerating the energy system transformation that has already started. We need to halve global C02 emissions in the next ten years (by 2030 from 2010 levels).  And the first – and most urgent – thing to do is to phase out our use of coal to ZERO by 2050 (C2.2).
 
Source: http://www.ipcc.ch/report/sr15  
 
About The UWI
For the past 70 years The University of the West Indies (The UWI) has provided service and leadership to the Caribbean region. In 2018, The UWI celebrates its evolution from 1948 as a university college in Jamaica with 33 medical students to an internationally respected regional university with near 50,000 students. Today, The UWI is the largest, most longstanding higher education provider in the Commonwealth Caribbean, with four campuses in Barbados, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, and an Open Campus. The UWI has faculty and students from more than 40 countries and collaborative links with 160 universities globally; it offers undergraduate and postgraduate degree options in Food & Agriculture, Engineering, Humanities & Education, Law, Medical Sciences, Science & Technology, Social Sciences and Sport. Its seven priority focal areas are linked closely to the priorities identified by CARICOM and take into account such over-arching areas of concern to the region as environmental issues, health and wellness, gender equity and the critical importance of innovation. The UWI has been a pivotal force in every aspect of Caribbean development; residing at the centre of all efforts to improve the well-being of our people. As the regional institution commemorates its 70th anniversary milestone, it will celebrate its students, faculty, administrators, alumni, governments, and partners in the public and private sector. The anniversary commemoration will focus on reflection as well as projection for the future with an emphasis on social justice and the economic transformation of the region. Website: www.uwi.edu and www.uwi.edu/70 . (Please note that the proper name of the university is The University of the West Indies, inclusive of the “The”, hence The UWI.)