National, regional and international examinations are usually aimed at assessing knowledge and skills of candidates/ students guided by the delimitations of content and objectives specified in a syllabus, curriculum and/ or course outline. These tools of assessment take various forms and modes and are subject to a range of interpretations of achievement or non-achievement. In order to determine levels of achievement, these assessment tools are often accompanied by descriptive rubrics which assist in assigning a fair grade to the items responded to in the examination. These rubrics not only provide standardized levels of distinction but also help to maintain objectivity and validity which are two major essentials for fair assessment. The results, therefore, of most of these examinations are used solely as the method of determining a person's competence to engage in a variety of skills, or their having the prerequisite for continuing educational opportunities or as a means of selection for employment.
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