ABSTRACT
Objective: Biebersteinia multifida DC is from Geraniaceae family and it is used for the treatment of skeleton-muscle disorders and rehabilitating bone fractures. In this study, three extraction methods were applied for a comparative investigation about essential oils of Biebersteinia multifida DC.
Methods: Three extraction methods such as hydro-distillation, solvent and microwave extractions were used for extraction of essential oils and then they were analyzed with GC-MS.
Results: Microwave extraction efficiency was 1.41 and 1.52 times higher than Hydro-distillation and solvent extraction. The extraction time was 72 h, 360 min and 98.60 min for solvent extraction, hydro-distillation and microwave respectively. Essential oils were analyzed with GC-MS and the results showed 38 compounds constituting 83.6, 90.47 and 88.42% of the total oils. β-farnesene and Hexadecanoic acid are same compounds in each three methods and the major compounds were different in three methods, major compounds in hydro-distillation method were (E)-Nerolidol (31.45%), phytol (17.1 %) and Hexadecanoic acid (11.84%), major compounds via Microwave method were (E)-Nerolidol (28.4%), n-Heptacosane (17.36%), n-Docosane (12.97%) and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (10.38%), major compounds via solvent extraction method were Nonacosane (38.62%), Mandenol (17.17%) and n-Heptacosane (10.23%).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the compounds in essential oils are dependent on the extraction way, also the results demonstrated quality of the essential oil, chemical compositions, yield efficiency and cost the operation microwave extraction was superior in extraction time and saving energy.
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