Gout is an auto-inflammatory disease caused by accumulation of monosodium urate crystals in tissues and organs due to hyperuricemia. Neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes play a role in acute gouty arthritis (AGA) pathogenesis, directly or indirectly, and/or via complex interaction between them. Ratios between these immune system elements have been listed in inflammatory markers which have been used more frequently recently. The present study is the first one to evaluate neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in gout, and to investigate the correlation between these and AGA. We found that NLR and MLR were higher in AGA patients when compared with patients in remission and controls, and they had correlations with other inflammatory markers, which suggested a possible correlation with AGA. In conclusion, NLR and MLR values could be used as a cheap and useful inflammatory marker to predict arthritis attacks in patients with gout.

This study focuses on Behçet’s disease, a vasculitic syndrome with unknown aetiopathogenesis including genetic factors, infections and cytokines. IL17 and IL 23 play important roles in inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, asthma, bacterial, fungal infections, maybe Behçet’s disease.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in infancy is rare. The spectrum of aetiology and management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in infancy were updated in the past several decades. Currently, it is mainly composed of endocardial fibroelastosis, infants of diabetic mothers and infantile Pompe’s disease. This study shows that myocardial ischaemia and cardiomegaly are the major signs of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in infancy. The management strategies can be variable according to different etiologies of the lesion.