Examination and analysis of primary data from the psychosocial case study interviews of 36 convicted murderers from the Jamaican Government Barnett Commission of Enquiry in 1976 using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition-text revision (DSM-IV-TR) criteria revealed antisocial personality disorder in two-thirds of the convicted murderers and suggest that antisocial personality disorder represents an aetiological precursor of homicidal violence and is a major public health problem in onntemporary Jamaica.