Caribbean sexual behaviour surveys with youth were reviewed. Findings included inconsistent condom use, early sexual initiation, intergenerational sex among females and multiple partnerships among males. To strengthen the regional picture, further standardization of research methods is needed.

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has changed the course of HIV eye disease by reducing the incidence of opportunistic infections and improving the remission duration. Cytomegalovirus retinitis is the most prevalent ophthalmic opportunistic infection; however, it is seen less commonly in Africa, where squamous cell carcinomas are common.

Junior high schools students in New Providence, Bahamas, have fairly accurate knowledge of HIV/AIDS but misconceptions regarding transmission are still prevalent.

Multiple sexual partners, previous induced abortions and hospital/clinic delivery seem to increase the risk of HIV infection in pregnant women in this environment.

There is a statistically significant relationship between psychological distress and substance use in Jamaican youths living with HIV/AIDS. Strategies should be implemented that are geared at helping youths deal effectively with the psychosocial burden of the disease.

This paper assesses the affordability of antiretrovirals at the individual level if donors were no longer available to fund the cost of first and second-line antiretrovirals and a prospective third-line regimen.