Through measuring the quality of the clinical management of genitourinary/sexually transmitted infection in a primary care setting, data indicate that improvement targets should aim at, among other, laboratory support, tactics for improving partner notification, utilization of opportunities for education and motivation of patients and cost-effective medication that can half the cost.

Unsatisfactory clearance of anogenital warts and high recurrences despite a wide armamentarium of treatment, calls for more research. Silver nitrate in this case series in primary care, albeit limited by inherent errors, achieved 93% clearance of anogenital warts without recurrence versus 15% with podophyllin and was 21 times cheaper.

Tobacco control efforts presently focus on late adolescence and adulthood. The intervention in children aged 9 – 11 years reduced experimental smoking by 87% at US$2 per child, cost-effectiveness akin to immunization.