Newborns with the characteristics of congenital syndrome associated with Zika virus (CSAZ) are being born in urban hospitals after the 2016 Zika virus epidemic in Jamaica. Phenotypic features include microcephaly, craniofacial disproportion, neuro-imaging and neuro-pathological findings and arthrogryposis. A trend towards babies being delivered with small head circumferences, but not yet in the range of microcephaly and others with normal head sizes who were born to women who were symptomatic in pregnancy is also being observed. While, most babies with probable CSAZ are being born to asymptomatic women who did not report any symptoms related to arbovirus illness in pregnancy. Diagnosis is challenged by serological cross-reactivity between circulating flaviviruses. Team management is multidisciplinary to maximize the neuro-developmental potential of this vulnerable patient population.

The Zika virus epidemic in Jamaica is evolving and includes cases of Guillain-Barré Syndrome and reports in pregnant women. Zika may become endemic in Jamaica, similar to dengue and Chikungunya. Safe and effective Dengue, Chikungunya fever and ZIKV vaccines are needed to mitigate the devastating effects of these three diseases.

Preliminary results indicate that experiencing physical abuse increases the likelihood of having higher levels of psychological distress and becoming a substance abuser during adulthood.

Systematic sampling was used to collect data from 382 university students about their substance use, experience of household dysfunction and their level of psychological distress. The relationship between these variables was then analysed.

Gender differences in risk and protective factors exist among Jamaican adolescents. Further research needs to be done to determine the extent of these differences, which need to be considered in the development of more effective prevention and intervention programmes.