With the decoding of the human genome and the growing research on biology and political behavior, this course deals with how interaction of genes, physiology, neurology and the political environment influence political attitudes, political participation, and ideology. The interaction also influences political trust, vote choice, party identification, political sophistication, party identification, views of the out-group and political violence and so on. Therefore, this course surveys the range of political behaviors that are driven by the biology-environment interaction.